The ED 2000 uses a square wave current to set up an oscillating electric field within the solenoid that we have formed on the condenser or heat exchanger supply line. As the charged mineral ions come into contact they collide and precipitate into sub-micron crystals. These crystals grow into larger crystals and will not adhere to the condenser tubes. This collision and subsequent precipitation is caused by the oscillating electric field forcing the charged mineral ions to constantly change direction (the positive ions align themselves with the direction of the electric field and the negative ions in the opposite direction), collide and come out of solution.

The magnetic systems attempt to create the same agitation. They use a north/south polarity and are completely dependent upon velocity (Lorenz Force) to cause the collision and subsequent agitation. High velocity is very important to the success of the magnetic systems and may pose a challenge to successful treatment because in many cases, the velocity is not great enough to cause the collision.

It is well know that the magnetic systems also attract magnetite in the fluid and scaling of the magnetite is formed locally at the installation site. In time this may cause failure because of the reduction of the flow rate in these types of systems.

Yes. The ED 2000 system is effective on both ferrous and non-ferrous pipes. Most applications of the ED 2000 are on ferrous  pipes, where the treatment has worked 100%.

No, they do not negatively impact the performance of the ED 2000 system

It is best to install a coil downstream from the pump and before each heat transfer site. If there is fouling present in the pump (not usually the case in conventional cooling systems) we would install a coil on both the suction and discharge sides of the pump.

Yes.

There is an alarm light indicator and a power indicator light.

There is a minimum velocity required for the fluid to pass through the solenoid coil but there is no maximum. The minimum is 0.3 m/s or 1 ft/s.

The ED 2000 can protect any heat transfer equipment within the cooling system. That could be the condenser, a plate and frame heat exchanger or the cooling tower. If the ED 2000 is installed as an enhancement to the chiller only, one coil is placed on the condenser water supply line. This is the case if there is a water treatment program in place (with a scale inhibitor).

There is no maximum flow velocity. The technology is limited when there is very little flow and a high heat flux such as a domestic hot water electric heater. The industrial heat exchangers are not a concern as there is good flow and a much lower heat flux (Btu’s/cm).

The treatment will not affect the biocides or inhibitors currently being used. The process creates a mechanical agitation of the mineral ions by using an oscillating electric field to cause precipitation. A different precipitation would also occur if you introduced heat, pH change or a pressure change. Sub micron size crystals are formed at the solenoid coil and will grow as they move downstream. In recirculating systems they will settle as sludge at the lowest point and then be removed through a blowdown.